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02-19-2011, 10:20 PM
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MGT503 FINAL TERM 2011
Subjective questions solved
d/w unity of command and unity of direction
answer:
. Unity of Command
An employee should receive orders from one superior only.
. Unity of direction.
The organization should have a single plan of action to guide managers and workers
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
D b/w power and authority
Answer:
Power is the capacity to affect the behavior of others.
There are different types of power depending upon their sources originally identified by
French and Raven.
1. Legitimate power stems from a position’s placement in the managerial hierarchy and the
authority
vested in the position.
2. Reward power is based on the capacity to control and provide valued rewards to others.
3. Coercive power is based on the ability to obtain compliance through fear of punishment.
4. Expert power is based on the possession of expertise that is valued by others.
5. Information power result from access to and control over the distribution of important
information about organizational operations and future plans.
6. Referent power results from being admired, personally identified with, or liked by others.
Authority.
Managers must be able to give order. Authority gives them this right. Along with authority,
however, goes responsibility.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Benefit of value chain managemlnt
answer:
Value chain management (VCM) is the integration of all resources
starting with the vendor's vendor. It integrates information,
materials, labor, facilities, logistics, etc. into a time-responsive,
capacity-managed solution that maximizes financial resources and
minimizes waste. In other words, efficient and effective value chain
management optimizes value for the customers' customer. The
following sections discuss the development of VCM, integrated supply
chain planning and scheduling, full resource management, cycle time
responsiveness, chain-wide resource optimization, and information
integration.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Listen is very important for manager how he can become good listner
answer:
3. Listen actively.
a. Listening is an active search for meaning, whereas hearing is passive.
b. Active listening is listening for full meaning without making premature judgments or
interpretations, and demands total concentration.
c. Active listening is enhanced by developing empathy with the sender—placing yourself in
the
sender’s position
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Being a manager you have to apply Expectancy Theory to motivate your
subordinates. What steps would you follow to apply the theory?
Answer:
Expectancy Theory
Expectancy Theory is the theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the
expectation
that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to
the individual.
Three relationships are important to this theory.
1. Effort-performance linkage (expectancy) is the probability perceived by the individual that
exerting
a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance.
2. Performance-reward linkage (instrumentality) is the degree to which an individual
believes that
performing at a particular level is instrumental in, or will lead to, the attainment of a desired
outcome.
3. Attractiveness of the reward (valence) is the importance that the individual places on the
potential
outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job.
4. There are four features inherent in the theory.
a. What perceived outcomes does the job offer the employee?
b. How attractive do employees consider these outcomes to be?
c. What kind of behavior must the employee exhibit to achieve these outcomes?
d. How does the employee view his or her chance of doing what is asked?
5. The key to understanding this theory is to understand an individual’s goal and the linkage
between
effort and performance, between performance and rewards, and between rewards and
individual
goal satisfaction.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Total question 69
MCQ62
2.define the higher level and lover level of needs in maslow's Hierarchy 3
Answer:
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs has often been represented in a hierarchial pyramid with
five levels. The four levels (lower-order needs) are considered physiological needs, while
the top level is considered growth needs. The lower level needs need to be satisfied
before higher-order needs can influence behavior. The levels are as follows (see pyramid
in Figure 1 below).
· Self-actualization – morality, creativity, problem solving, etc.
· Esteem – includes confidence, self-esteem, achievement, respect, etc.
· Belongingness – includes love, friendship, intimacy, family, etc.
· Safety – includes security of environment, employment, resources, health,
property, etc.
· Physiological – includes air, food, water, sex, sleep, other factors towards
homeostasis, etc.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
3. china wall and Pyaramind was built when it was built there was no
management but it has used management define it 5
answer:
Great China Wall:
The Great China Wall built in the time period of 956 years (688 BC – 1644 AD). It is 6000 km
long. Its
base is 20 feet wide and top 11 feet wide. The height of China Wall is from 7 to 37 feet. The
whole China
wall is made by hands. Working as united for 956 years, there should be some purposes due
to which
people worked for a long time.
According to history, the purpose of china wall was:
• To mark territories
• To defend the area
• To protect silk road
These examples from the past demonstrate that organizations have been around for
thousands of years and
that management has been practiced for an equivalent period.
The Egyptian Pyramid:
Approximately four thousand years B.C., the Egyptians were building a civilization edge on
the rest of the
world. Very few of us can comprehend the extent to which this culture zoomed ahead of its
times. If it were
possible to make a reliable comparison, we would probably find that no nation in our time is
as far ahead of
its contemporaries as the land of the Pharaohs was between 4000 B.C. and 525 B.C.
The most obvious demonstration of Egyptian power is the construction projects that remain
even today.
Without the service of cranes, bulldozers, or tea/coffee breaks, the Egyptians constructed
mammoth
structures of admirable precision. The great pyramid of Cheops, for example, covers thirteen
acres and
contains 2,300,000 stone blocks. The blocks weigh about two and a half tons each and were
cut to size
many miles away. The stones were transported and set in place by slave labor and precision
planning. The
men who built the enduring structures of ancient Egypt not only knew how to use of human
resources
efficiently but also knew how to manage 100,000 workers in a twenty-year project.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
5.defin the types of work team 3
Answer:
Given these four characteristics, some of the most popular types of teams used today include
the
following:
a. A functional team is a type of work team that is composed of a manager and his or her
subordinates from a particular functional area.
b. A self-directed or self-managed team is one that operates without a manager and is
responsible for a complete work process or segment that delivers a product or service to an
external or internal customer.
c. A virtual team is one that uses computer technology to link physically dispersed members
in
order to achieve a common goal.
d. Finally, a cross-functional team is one in which individuals who are experts in various
specialties (or functions) work together on various organizational tasks.
MGT503 FINAL TERM 2011
Subjective questions solved
d/w unity of command and unity of direction
answer:
. Unity of Command
An employee should receive orders from one superior only.
. Unity of direction.
The organization should have a single plan of action to guide managers and workers
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
D b/w power and authority
Answer:
Power is the capacity to affect the behavior of others.
There are different types of power depending upon their sources originally identified by
French and Raven.
1. Legitimate power stems from a position’s placement in the managerial hierarchy and the
authority
vested in the position.
2. Reward power is based on the capacity to control and provide valued rewards to others.
3. Coercive power is based on the ability to obtain compliance through fear of punishment.
4. Expert power is based on the possession of expertise that is valued by others.
5. Information power result from access to and control over the distribution of important
information about organizational operations and future plans.
6. Referent power results from being admired, personally identified with, or liked by others.
Authority.
Managers must be able to give order. Authority gives them this right. Along with authority,
however, goes responsibility.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Benefit of value chain managemlnt
answer:
Value chain management (VCM) is the integration of all resources
starting with the vendor's vendor. It integrates information,
materials, labor, facilities, logistics, etc. into a time-responsive,
capacity-managed solution that maximizes financial resources and
minimizes waste. In other words, efficient and effective value chain
management optimizes value for the customers' customer. The
following sections discuss the development of VCM, integrated supply
chain planning and scheduling, full resource management, cycle time
responsiveness, chain-wide resource optimization, and information
integration.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Listen is very important for manager how he can become good listner
answer:
3. Listen actively.
a. Listening is an active search for meaning, whereas hearing is passive.
b. Active listening is listening for full meaning without making premature judgments or
interpretations, and demands total concentration.
c. Active listening is enhanced by developing empathy with the sender—placing yourself in
the
sender’s position
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Being a manager you have to apply Expectancy Theory to motivate your
subordinates. What steps would you follow to apply the theory?
Answer:
Expectancy Theory
Expectancy Theory is the theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the
expectation
that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to
the individual.
Three relationships are important to this theory.
1. Effort-performance linkage (expectancy) is the probability perceived by the individual that
exerting
a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance.
2. Performance-reward linkage (instrumentality) is the degree to which an individual
believes that
performing at a particular level is instrumental in, or will lead to, the attainment of a desired
outcome.
3. Attractiveness of the reward (valence) is the importance that the individual places on the
potential
outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job.
4. There are four features inherent in the theory.
a. What perceived outcomes does the job offer the employee?
b. How attractive do employees consider these outcomes to be?
c. What kind of behavior must the employee exhibit to achieve these outcomes?
d. How does the employee view his or her chance of doing what is asked?
5. The key to understanding this theory is to understand an individual’s goal and the linkage
between
effort and performance, between performance and rewards, and between rewards and
individual
goal satisfaction.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
Total question 69
MCQ62
2.define the higher level and lover level of needs in maslow's Hierarchy 3
Answer:
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs has often been represented in a hierarchial pyramid with
five levels. The four levels (lower-order needs) are considered physiological needs, while
the top level is considered growth needs. The lower level needs need to be satisfied
before higher-order needs can influence behavior. The levels are as follows (see pyramid
in Figure 1 below).
· Self-actualization – morality, creativity, problem solving, etc.
· Esteem – includes confidence, self-esteem, achievement, respect, etc.
· Belongingness – includes love, friendship, intimacy, family, etc.
· Safety – includes security of environment, employment, resources, health,
property, etc.
· Physiological – includes air, food, water, sex, sleep, other factors towards
homeostasis, etc.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
3. china wall and Pyaramind was built when it was built there was no
management but it has used management define it 5
answer:
Great China Wall:
The Great China Wall built in the time period of 956 years (688 BC – 1644 AD). It is 6000 km
long. Its
base is 20 feet wide and top 11 feet wide. The height of China Wall is from 7 to 37 feet. The
whole China
wall is made by hands. Working as united for 956 years, there should be some purposes due
to which
people worked for a long time.
According to history, the purpose of china wall was:
• To mark territories
• To defend the area
• To protect silk road
These examples from the past demonstrate that organizations have been around for
thousands of years and
that management has been practiced for an equivalent period.
The Egyptian Pyramid:
Approximately four thousand years B.C., the Egyptians were building a civilization edge on
the rest of the
world. Very few of us can comprehend the extent to which this culture zoomed ahead of its
times. If it were
possible to make a reliable comparison, we would probably find that no nation in our time is
as far ahead of
its contemporaries as the land of the Pharaohs was between 4000 B.C. and 525 B.C.
The most obvious demonstration of Egyptian power is the construction projects that remain
even today.
Without the service of cranes, bulldozers, or tea/coffee breaks, the Egyptians constructed
mammoth
structures of admirable precision. The great pyramid of Cheops, for example, covers thirteen
acres and
contains 2,300,000 stone blocks. The blocks weigh about two and a half tons each and were
cut to size
many miles away. The stones were transported and set in place by slave labor and precision
planning. The
men who built the enduring structures of ancient Egypt not only knew how to use of human
resources
efficiently but also knew how to manage 100,000 workers in a twenty-year project.
--- (`*•.¸(`*•.¸ All Finalterm Papers solved 2011 . . . ¸.•*´)¸.•*´ ) ---
5.defin the types of work team 3
Answer:
Given these four characteristics, some of the most popular types of teams used today include
the
following:
a. A functional team is a type of work team that is composed of a manager and his or her
subordinates from a particular functional area.
b. A self-directed or self-managed team is one that operates without a manager and is
responsible for a complete work process or segment that delivers a product or service to an
external or internal customer.
c. A virtual team is one that uses computer technology to link physically dispersed members
in
order to achieve a common goal.
d. Finally, a cross-functional team is one in which individuals who are experts in various
specialties (or functions) work together on various organizational tasks.