HRM624 Solved MCQ's 26 July 2010

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1. In dual concern model the style which represents a low level of concern for both self and
other known as__________.
a) Avoiding
b) Dominating
c) Obliging
d) Compromising

2. Third party usually helps, clarifies and grounds each disputing party’s alternatives to
agreement in___________.
a) Reality testing
b) Litigation
c) Negotiation
d) Dispute

3. A person holds_____ power when he influences others by coercing, threatening, harming
and irritating.
a) Reward
b) Coercive
c) Normative
d) Expert

4. Research and investigation can be examples of sources of _________power.
a) Expert
b) Reward
c) Normative
d) Democratic
5. A dispute between two neighbors can be example of _________power.
a) Expert
b) Reward
c) Ecological
d) Social
6. Formal power is exercised in a ________manner.
a) Bottom-up
b) Top-down
c) Horizontal
d) Vertical
7. The influence which is deliberate or purposive in nature may be called_____.
a) Motivation
b) Power
c) Integration
d) None of the given options
8. When one disputant is forced to litigation then __________style is not possible.
a) Compromising
b) Integration
c) Authoritative
d) Avoiding
9. Dual concern model assumes that no disputant has ________orientation.
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
d) Zero-Sum
10. In dual concern model the style which represents a moderate level of concern for self and
other known as__________.
a) Avoiding
b) Dominating
c) Obliging
d) Compromising


1. An accurate estimate of BATNA:
a. Allows disputant in making irrational choices about when to continue
negotiating, when to accept an offer, and when to stop
b. Allows being unduly pressured into settlement
c. Prevents team to accept a deal better than the BATNA without hesitation;
prevents lost opportunities to make good deals
d. Allows team to make better choices about how to exert its relationship
power in the negotiation
2. Impressions formed about people that are based upon fitting the person into
various categories are a type of impression called:
a. Data processing
b. Systemic processing
c. Category-based processing
d. Detail processing
3. The mental processes which are used unconsciously to reinforce stereotypes
include all of the following except:
a. Ignoring
b. Over interpretation
c. Explaining away
d. All of the above are correct
4. When we try to associate with the information previously assumed even if we get
information about a certain phenomenon, we tend to___________ in process of
stereotype.
a. Ignore
b. Explain away
c. Agree
d. Challenge
5. Extending a pre assumed perception and confirming it with small piece of
information is which type of mental process of stereotyping?
a. Selecting Weighting Processes
b. Stereotype over interpretation
c. Stereotype-consistent perception
d. Explaining away
6. _____________ processing is more accurate, but ________ processing is faster
and easier.
a. Systematic, category-based
b. Category-based, systematic
c. Dual, systematic
d. Group, Systematic
7. The mediator’s primary function is to promote effective negotiation in:
a. Facilitative mediation
b. Evaluative mediation
c. Nonbinding evaluations
d. Mediation
8. In mediation:
a. There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come to
agreement
b. If there is some settlement it is permanent
c. The settlement is usually verbal
d. Settlements reached in mediation are not enforceable contracts
9. An advantage of “evaluative” mediation is that it:
a. Helps each disputant to fine-tune his or her BATNA for accuracy and
to modify it if it is too optimistic
b. Is the best form of mediation in inducing the disputants to use principled
negotiation
c. Is the best form of mediation in improving the disputants’ relationship
d. All of mentioned options
10. In general, settlements reached in mediation, once formalized, are:
a. Unenforceable
b. Enforceable to the same extent as court orders
c. Enforceable to the same extent as contracts, and subject to the same
defenses
d. Enforceable, but void able by any disputant who wishes to opt out of the
agreement
11. “To facilitate Collaborating/Integrating negotiation between the disputants” is
the goal of which type of mediation?
a. Triage mediation
b. Bargaining-based mediation
c. Therapeutic mediation
d. Pure mediation
12. Which of the following types of mediation has narrow and evaluative focus?
a. Triage mediation
b. Bargaining-based mediation
c. Pure mediation
d. Therapeutic mediation
13. In which sort of mediation are due process problems the most likely to occur?
a. Triage mediation
b. Bargaining-based mediation
c. Pure mediation
d. Transformative mediation
14. Sara is a triage mediator, Warda is a pure mediator, Afifa is a transformative
mediator, and Faria is a bargaining-based mediator. Which of these mediators is
more likely to try to encourage her clients to get a fair agreement through
compromising?
a. Sara
b. Warda
c. Afifa
d. Faria
15. Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most
facilitative mediation.
a. Quicker and less expensive
b. Quicker but more expensive
c. Slower but less expensive
d. Slower and more expensive



1. The purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:

• Getting a settlement as quickly as possible
• Getting a fair compromise
• Facilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that settlement can result
• Healing the disputants emotionally

2. Potential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach settlement in mediation, but the mediator didn’t seem at all concerned with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate. Which of the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?

a. Triage mediation
b. Bargaining-based mediation
c. Pure mediation
d. Transformative mediation

3. Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.
a. Quicker and less expensive
b. Quicker but more expensive
c. Slower but less expensive
d. Slower and more expensive

4. Mediation:
a. Indirectly promotes cooperation
b. Can enhance or preserve relationships
c. Can create mistrust
d. Some time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do not directly promote cooperation

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5. I want to save time and money.” Taking in to consideration the advantages and disadvantages of different type of dispute resolution methods, which of the following is best method to be adopted for the statement given above?

a. Legislation
b. Mediation
c. Negotiation
d. Adjudication

6. Mediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of mediation?
a. The introductory stage
b. Issues clarification and communication
c. The productive stage
d. Agreement consummation
7. In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation generally focuses on analyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.
a. Evaluative
b. Facilitative
c. Category based
d. Non-binding

8. In which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she has no prior dealings with either disputant that might create a conflict of interest?
a. Facilitative
b. Evaluative
c. Both facilitative and evaluative
d. Neither facilitative nor evaluative

9. Which of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY to lead to improved cooperation between the mediating disputants?

a. “The purpose of this mediation is for you to decide whether plaintiff’s or defendant’s version of the issue will prevail.”
b. “In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who wins.”
c. “Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to your conflict that address your unique situation and leave neither of you feeling victimized.”
d. “Now I’d like each of you to state your positions.”

10. One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:
a. The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tactics
b. Caucusing does not promote integrating/collaborating
c. Caucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feel uncomfortable discussing in front of one another
d. Caucusing promotes principled negotiation

11. Confidentiality in mediation is:
a. Entirely determined by statute
b. Determined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the jurisdiction and the type of mediation
c. Ordered by the mediator in appropriate cases
d. A myth; mediation is not confidential

12. Concerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent litigation raise issues of:

a. Effectiveness
b. Confidentiality
c. Participation
d. Enforceability

13. Many scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These advantages include:
a. Expertise of a specialized tribunal
b. Fewer saving in time and expense
c. Less compliance with arbitration awards
d. Arbitrator’s decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the country

14. Which of the following is not advantage of arbitration?
a. Low Cost relative to Litigation
b. Intermediary involved
c. Legally Binding Nature
d. International Enforceability

15. __________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.

a. Non-binding evaluation, litigation
b. Litigation, Non-binding evaluation
c. Litigation, ADR
d. ADR, Litigation


1. Negotiation in which the disputants are the only participants is called________.
a) Adjudication
b) Mediation
c) Simple negotiation
d) Facilitated negotiation
2. An interpersonal conflict in which no participant is aware of the divergence of goals, needs, or interests is known as__________.
a) Latent conflict
b) False conflict
c) Cause of action
d) None of the given options
3. A conflict situation in which the disputants believe that when one disputant helps him/herself, the other disputant is also helped is_______________.
a) Constructive conflict
b) Competitive conflict
c) Destructive conflict
d) Cooperative conflict
4. A situation involving actual incompatibility of needs, interests or goals is defined as__________.
a) False conflict
b) True conflict
c) Veridical conflict
d) Both true and veridical conflict
5. Conflict causes predictable and destructive changes in the disputant’s attitudes, perceptions and interactions is called____________.
a) Perceived conflict
b) Real conflict
c) Escalating conflict
d) Data type conflict
6. Meeting one party’s goals is just like promoting other party’s goals known as:
a) Promotive Interdependence
b) Contrient Interdependence
c) Positive Interdependence
d) None of the given options
7. The first step in conflict diagnosis is to describe the______________.
a) Conflict
b) Disputant
c) Motives
d) Position
8. In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is highly__________.
a) Objective
b) Personal
c) Subjective
d) Biased
9. There is/are usually ___________ source /sources of any given conflict.
a) Single
b) Multiple
c) Sole
d) Distinct
10. One can infer attitudes and make judgments about people and things through _____________.
a) Perception
b) General attribution theory
c) Stimuli
d) Cognitive Structure


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